IBC TOTESPA

Thirty questions

Everything people email us, answered at length.

Grouped by what you are actually trying to do. If your question is not here, it will be within a week of you sending it — this page is written entirely out of the inbox.

Short answer

Answers to the most common IBC tote questions: pricing by grade, food safety and prior contents, dimensions and fittings, freight and stacking, selling us your empties and the environmental arithmetic behind reuse.

Questions
30
Sections
6
Source
The inbox
Updated
2026

Work order · 90-second form

Ask a thirty-first

If it gets asked twice, it ends up on this page.

We reply in writing — this is where the quote lands.

US or Canadian number — (XXX) XXX-XXXX

5-digit US ZIP (19406) or Canadian code (A1A 1A1)

We answer by email — we don't run a phone line, so every quote arrives in writing with photos, grades and freight already itemised.

Buying

Price, ordering and lead times.

Buying

How much does a used IBC tote cost?

In the Mid-Atlantic in 2026: roughly $60–$95 for Grade C as-is, $110–$165 for washed Grade B, $165–$225 for Grade A, $225–$300 for food grade, $250–$340 rebottled and $420–$560 new. Truckload quantities land at the low end of each band and yard pickup removes freight entirely.

What is the minimum order?

One container, collected from the yard. For delivery, the minimum depends on the corridor — four units on our twice-weekly runs, six to ten further out. Off-corridor single-unit delivery is possible but the freight rarely makes sense against driving over yourself.

Do you take credit cards?

Yes, and ACH, and terms for established accounts. Freight and product are itemised separately on every invoice so you can see what you are paying for.

How fast can I get containers?

Used stock: one to three business days. Rebottled: three to seven. New: five to fifteen depending on configuration. Custom fabrication: five to twelve. Will-call from the yard is same-day for anything on the ground.

Can I see the actual container before buying?

You get serial-matched photographs with the quote for Grade A and B stock, and you are welcome to come and inspect anything in person during will-call hours. We would rather you looked.

Do you sell to individuals?

Routinely — homesteaders, gardeners, beekeepers and people building one rainwater system. Will-call works best for single units.

Safety

Food, water and what we refuse.

Safety and food grade

Are used IBC totes food safe?

Only when the bottle is FDA-compliant HDPE, the entire prior-contents history is edible, and the container has been washed to a documented procedure. Those three conditions together make a tote food grade. Washing an industrial container does not, because polyethylene absorbs and absorption is not reversible.

Can I store drinking water in one?

For emergency non-potable supply, a food-grade tote with new gasket and valve is appropriate. For genuinely potable use we recommend a single-trip food-grade container that held a water-soluble edible product, plus a sanitising rinse before filling — and for a public water system, new.

How do I know what was in it before?

We log every container against its original label at intake and print the recorded prior contents on your quote. Where the record is missing or illegible, the container is downgraded to Grade C and sold as non-food, non-potable.

Can you make an industrial tote food grade by washing it?

No, and this is the single most important thing on this page. Surfactants, solvents, glycols and agricultural chemicals migrate into the bottle wall during service and leach back out into the next fill. No wash cycle reverses that.

What won't you sell me?

Used containers for infant nutrition, pharmaceutical intermediates or a regulated potable municipal supply. Polyethylene totes for fuel. Any container whose residue is outside our permitted list. In each case we will say why and point you at the right supplier.

Technical

Sizes, threads, stacking and markings.

Technical

What size is a standard IBC tote?

275 gallons on a 48 × 40 inch footprint, 46 inches tall, about 130 lb empty and 2,425 lb full of water. The 330 gallon shares the footprint at 53 inches tall.

What thread is the outlet?

S60x6 on nearly everything modern — a coarse buttress thread, 60 mm outside diameter. Older and some European units use S100x8 at 100 mm; a reducing bushing bridges the two.

Can I stack them two high?

Composite IBCs are generally rated to stack two high loaded, on level ground, with undamaged square cages and centred loads. Never mix sizes in a stack. Empties go four high.

How fast does one drain?

About 6–8 minutes through a fully open 2-inch butterfly valve with a vented lid. Through a 3/4-inch garden hose adapter, closer to 45 minutes. Without venting, every figure drops 40–60%.

How long does a used tote last?

A washed Grade B in shaded, static, non-UV service routinely runs five to ten more years. UV is the limiting factor: full Pennsylvania sun ages a bottle three to four times faster than covered storage.

What is a UN 31HA1 marking?

The designation for a composite IBC with a rigid plastic inner receptacle in an outer steel cage, approved for liquids. It encodes type, packing group, test pressure, gross mass, year and approving authority, and carries a service life — typically five years for hazardous transport.

Logistics

Freight, pickup and coverage.

Logistics

How many fit on a truck?

By volume, 48 units of 275 gallons in a 53-foot van stacked two high, or 96 empties four high. By weight, full totes govern: seventeen per van at 2,425 lb each.

Do you deliver to residential addresses?

Yes, with a liftgate and advance notice. Say so in the work order so freight is quoted correctly the first time.

How far do you deliver?

Our own trucks cover PA, NJ, DE, MD, NY and northern Virginia on scheduled corridors; beyond that we broker and quote the through cost.

Can I pick up myself?

Monday to Friday 7:00 AM to 4:30 PM and Saturday 8:00 AM to noon. We load with a forklift; bring straps, and we will not let an unsafely secured load leave the gate.

Selling to us

Buy-back, condition and credit.

Selling your empties

Will you buy my used totes?

Yes — $15 to $85 per unit depending on grade, prior contents, quantity and distance. Twelve or more anywhere inside about 150 miles of Norristown and we will come to you.

What if my totes are in bad condition?

We will still take them. They are worth little as product and a great deal as granulation feedstock, and taking them is most of why we can claim zero landfill honestly.

Do I need to clean them first?

No — that is our job. What helps is draining them, closing the valve, leaving the lid on, keeping the original label attached and storing them under cover. Those four things are worth up to $30 a unit.

Can I trade empties against a purchase?

Yes, at the same rate we would pay in cash. Most regular customers run it as credit, which makes the truck pay for itself in both directions.

Ecology

The arithmetic behind the claims.

Environmental

How much CO₂ does reusing a tote actually save?

About 88 kg of CO₂e per 275 gallon container, along with 190 gallons of process water, 10 gallons of crude-oil feedstock, 420 kWh and 1.4 cubic yards of landfill airspace — the full cradle-to-gate burden of the new container that did not have to be made.

Isn't washing them wasteful?

A hot caustic cycle uses about 45 gallons of water, of which we reclaim roughly 18 as filtered pre-rinse, netting about 27. Manufacturing the replacement container consumes about 190. The ratio is roughly seven to one before you count carbon at all.

What happens to containers you can't save?

They are cut, washed and granulated into clean HDPE regrind on site; cages and bases are baled to a regional mill. Six consecutive years with nothing going to landfill, and we will send you the weight tickets.

Can I count this in our sustainability reporting?

Yes, as an avoided emission within Scope 3 — not as an offset. Our reporting page is explicit about the boundary and about the framings that fail third-party assurance.

Run the numbers yourself

Mixed white and black IBC totes outside a shipping and receiving building, stacked two and three high

Thirty questions

Written entirely out of the inbox

The yard reference · carried on every page

Twelve reference sheets, because you should not have to ask us for a number.

Specifications, grading definitions, prices, thread standards, flow rates, weights, gasket selection, wash chemistry, freight limits, circular-route arithmetic, failure modes and conversions. Open what you need; none of it is gated and none of it changes depending on who is asking.

Container specs16 rows

Every dimension for the two sizes that make up 93% of the market.

The two sizes that are 93% of the market
Attribute275 gallon330 gallon
Capacity275 gal / 1,041 L330 gal / 1,249 L
Footprint48" × 40"48" × 40"
Height46"53"
Tare weight125–135 lb140–155 lb
Gross, water≈2,425 lb≈2,900 lb
Max gross mass2,800 lb3,300 lb
Bottle mass38–45 lb HDPE45–52 lb HDPE
Cage + base mass≈55 lb steel≈62 lb steel
Stack, full2 high2 high
Stack, empty4 high4 high
Two-high stack height92"106"
Per 53′ van, volume4840
Per 53′ van, weight-limited17 full14 full
Fill opening6" vented or solid6" vented or solid
Discharge2" butterfly, S60x62" butterfly, S60x6
Forklift entry4-way4-way
Grading standard10 rows

Our written definitions — the same ones printed on every quote.

Our written grading standard, in one table
Grade AGrade BGrade CFood grade
WashDocumentedDocumentedRinse onlyDocumented + sanitise
BottleClear–translucentLight haze permittedHeavy stainingClear, odour-free
OdourNoneFaint, product-typicalMay be presentNone
Prior contentsDocumented, benignDocumentedMay be absentEdible only, documented
CageSquare, no node rustSound, cosmetic dingsCosmetic damage OKSound
GasketNewNewAs-isNew, FDA EPDM
Leak testPassed, recordedPassed, recordedNot testedPassed, recorded
Food contactOnly if food priorNoNeverYes
Price band, 275 gal$165–$225$110–$165$60–$95$225–$300
Share of our sales18%58%17%7%
2026 price bands8 rows

Published rather than extracted through a contact form.

2026 Mid-Atlantic price bands, 275 gallon
TypeSingle unitPallet (4+)Truckload (48)Lead time
Grade C as-is$60–$95$56–$88$52–$781–2 days
Grade B washed$110–$165$102–$152$95–$1401–3 days
Grade A rinsed$165–$225$153–$208$140–$1901–3 days
Food grade$225–$300$210–$278$195–$2602–5 days
Rebottled$250–$340$236–$316$220–$2953–7 days
New composite$420–$560$400–$530$380–$5005–15 days
Cage only$35–$65$32–$60$30–$551–3 days
We pay you for empties$15–$85$20–$85$28–$85Collection ≤2 weeks
Threads & flow9 rows

Measured on our own line: full tote of water, vented lid, valve open.

Threads, adapters and gravity flow
FittingSpecificationInitial flowTime to empty 275 galTypical use
3" butterfly3" flange, PP body128 gpm3.5 minBatch dumping, viscous
2" butterflyS60x6 outlet, EPDM seat70 gpm6.5 minStandard discharge
2" camlockS60x6 → 2″ male cam62 gpm7.2 minPump and transfer hose
2" NPTS60x6 → 2″ male NPT58 gpm7.9 minRigid dosing plumbing
1" camlockS60x6 → 1″ male cam22 gpm19.6 minDrum filling, controlled
3/4" GHTS60x6 → garden hose9 gpm45.8 minIrrigation, wash-down
1/2" spigotS60x6 → spigot4 gpm105 minHand filling, troughs
S60x660 mm OD, 6 mm pitch buttressModern standard outlet
S100x8100 mm OD, 8 mm pitchLegacy / EU — use a bushing
Weights by product10 rows

gallons × 8.34 × specific gravity + tare. The number people skip.

Gross weight by product — the calculation people skip
ProductSG275 gal gross330 gal grossStack?
Ethanol0.791,940 lb2,310 lbYes
Diesel / fuel oil0.852,080 lb2,480 lbYes — steel bin only
Vegetable oil0.922,240 lb2,670 lbYes
Water1.002,425 lb2,900 lbYes
Latex emulsion1.052,540 lb3,040 lbWith care
Brine 23%1.202,880 lb3,450 lbNo
Liquid fertiliser 28-0-01.283,065 lb3,670 lbNo
Corn syrup 42 DE1.333,180 lb3,810 lbNo — partial fill
Sulphuric acid 50%1.403,340 lb4,000 lbPartial fill
Sodium hydroxide 50%1.523,615 lb4,335 lbPartial fill
Gasket selection10 rows

The cheapest decision in the specification, and the one most often wrong.

Gasket and wetted-part selection
Product familyGasketValve bodyContainerAvoid
Water, brine, glycolEPDMPolypropylenePoly IBC
Dilute acidsEPDMPolypropylenePoly IBCBrass, carbon steel
CausticsEPDMPolypropylenePoly IBCAluminium
Alcohols under 20% ABVEPDMPolypropylenePoly IBC
Alcohols over 20% ABVVitonStainlessStainless binPoly bottles
Vegetable and mineral oilsVitonPolypropylenePoly IBCEPDM gaskets
Fuels, diesel, keroseneVitonPP or stainlessSteel binPoly bottles
Aromatic solventsVitonStainless316L binAll poly parts
Food ingredientsEPDM (FDA)PP (FDA)Food-grade polyNon-FDA elastomers
Flavour, essence, botanicalVitonStainless316L binPoly bottles
Wash cycles8 rows

The cycle follows the residue. A default cycle is how you get a clean-looking tote that smells.

Wash cycle by residue class
ResidueCycleTempChemistryWaterCostOutcome
Water-soluble benignCold triple rinseAmbientNone22 gal$18–$28Grade A/B
Sugars, syrupsHot caustic + sanitise148–156 °F1.5% NaOH45 gal$35–$55Food grade if prior allows
ProteinsHot caustic + sanitise150–158 °F2% NaOH48 gal$40–$58Food grade if prior allows
Oils, fatsDegrease + hot rinse135–150 °FAlkaline surfactant52 gal$45–$70Grade A/B
SurfactantsExtended rinse + defoamAmbient–120 °FDefoamer40 gal$30–$48Grade B only
Latex, emulsionsMechanical + strip125–140 °FAlkaline50 gal$50–$75Grade B/C
Acids, causticsNeutralise + rinseAmbientCounter-agent35 gal$32–$50Grade B
UnknownTriple rinse, downgradeAmbientNone22 gal$20–$30Grade C only
Freight limits8 rows

Volume capacity and weight capacity are different numbers, and weight wins.

What fits on what — volume and weight limits
VehicleFull, 2 highWeight-limited fullEmpty, 4 highLiftgate
53′ dry van481796No
48′ flatbed401780No
26′ box truck24848Yes
16′ box truck12524Yes
Sprinter van428Yes
20′ sea container201740No
40′ sea container421784No
Drop trailer, 53′481796No
Circular routes7 rows

Ranked by burden avoided. Landfill is not on the list.

The seven circular routes, ranked by burden avoided
#RouteCO₂e avoidedWater avoided% of new-unit burdenShare of intake
1Reuse as-is after rinse88 kg190 gal100%60.9%
2Wash and return to service83 kg163 gal94%22.3%
3Rebottle55 kg118 gal62%6.0%
4Salvage cage for another unit36 kg76 gal41%3.0%
5Upcycle into a built product31 kg66 gal35%0.9%
6Granulate to HDPE regrind30 kg62 gal34%6.9%
7Landfill0 kg0 gal0%0%
Failure modes8 rows

What actually retires a container and where each one goes afterwards.

What actually retires a container, and whether it is fixable
FailureWhere it startsShare of retirementsFixable?Route
Bottle stress crackingBase radius41%NoGranulate bottle, keep cage
Freeze splitMid-height, at the old liquid line16%NoGranulate bottle, keep cage
Contamination beyond washAbsorbed into the wall14%NoGranulate bottle, keep cage
Bottle deformationWhole wall, from overfill or heat11%NoRebottle
Cage node corrosionWelded intersections, corner columns10%SometimesMill the steel
Missing prior-contents recordPaperwork, not the container8%NoGrade C only
Base rail damageFork pocketsYes, on steelRepair or replace base
Gasket failureOutlet and lid sealsAlwaysReplace, $4
Delivery corridors7 rows

If you sit on a route we already run, small loads become viable.

Scheduled corridors from 800 River Rd
CorridorKey stopsFrequencyMinimum loadBuy-back
I-76 WestConshohocken, King of Prussia, Reading, Harrisburg2× weekly4 unitsYes
I-95 SouthPhiladelphia, Chester, Wilmington, Baltimore2× weekly4 unitsYes
I-95 NorthTrenton, New Brunswick, Newark, ElizabethWeekly6 unitsYes
NE ExtensionLansdale, Quakertown, Allentown, BethlehemWeekly6 unitsYes
US-30 WestWest Chester, Downingtown, Lancaster, YorkWeekly6 unitsYes
US-202 NorthDoylestown, New Hope, FlemingtonWeekly4 unitsYes
DelmarvaDover, Salisbury, EastonFortnightly10 unitsBy arrangement
Conversions12 rows

The arithmetic that comes up daily.

Conversions used every day in this yard
FromToMultiply byWorked example
US gallonsLitres3.785275 gal = 1,041 L
LitresUS gallons0.26421,000 L = 264 gal
US gallons of waterPounds8.34275 gal = 2,294 lb
PoundsKilograms0.45362,425 lb = 1,100 kg
InchesMillimetres25.448" = 1,219 mm
Cubic feetUS gallons7.48151 ft³ = 381 gal
Cubic yardsCubic feet271.4 yd³ = 37.8 ft³
psiFeet of head (water)2.311.7 psi = 3.9 ft
Feet of headpsi0.43324 in stand = 0.87 psi
gpmLitres per minute3.78570 gpm = 265 L/min
kg CO₂eMiles not driven2.588 kg = 220 miles
kg CO₂eMature trees, one year0.047688 kg = 4.2 trees

Vocabulary, in twelve lines

IBC
Intermediate bulk container — anything between a drum and a tanker, in practice 110–550 gallons on a forkliftable base.
Composite IBC
An HDPE bottle inside a welded steel cage on a pallet base. The 275 and 330 gallon workhorses.
Tare
Empty weight of the container: 125–135 lb for a 275, 140–155 lb for a 330.
Gross mass
Container plus contents. Most 275s are rated to 2,800 lb; exceed it and the bottle bulges rather than bursts.
Node
A welded intersection in the cage where load actually transfers. The correct place to inspect.
S60x6
The standard outlet thread: 60 mm OD, 6 mm pitch buttress. Hand tight only.
Prior contents
What the container last held, logged against the original label. The single most consequential fact about any used tote.
Rebottle
A new HDPE bottle fitted into an inspected existing cage — virgin interior, 38% less embodied carbon than new.
Food grade
FDA-compliant resin plus an edible-only prior history plus a documented wash. All three, together.
UN 31HA1
Marking for a composite IBC approved for liquids. Belongs to the assembly and carries a service life.
Regrind
Granulated recycled HDPE. Post-industrial IBC regrind goes to pipe, conduit, pallets — never food contact.
Avoided burden
Environmental cost that did not occur because a container was reused instead of manufactured. Not an offset.

All 58 terms

The yard, in numbers

18,412
containers returned to service, rolling 12 months
91.9%
of intake leaves as a container, not as feedstock
1.62M kg
CO₂e avoided against a new-container baseline
543,000 lb
HDPE granulated into clean regrind in 2025
318,000 lb
steel baled to a regional mill in 2025
0 yd³
container material landfilled — six consecutive years
2,600
containers on the ground at the January peak
11%
of offered loads refused, and referred on
22
people at the Norristown yard, four of them drivers
6
states served by our own trucks

Where and when

IBC Totes PA LLC
800 River Rd
Norristown, PA 19406
hello@ibctotespa.com
quotes@ibctotespa.com
No telephone line — written quotes only.
Opening hours
Mon7:00 AM – 4:30 PM
Tue7:00 AM – 4:30 PM
Wed7:00 AM – 4:30 PM
Thu7:00 AM – 4:30 PM
Fri7:00 AM – 4:30 PM
Sat8:00 AM – 12:00 PM
SunClosed

Next step

Every tote we keep alive is one that never gets made.

Get a written quoteSell us your empties